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To cut through some of this confusion surrounding bitcoin, we need to separate it into two components. On the one hand, you've got bitcoin-the-token, a snippet of code which represents ownership of a digital concept sort of like a digital IOU. On the other hand, you have bitcoin-the-protocol, a distributed network that maintains a ledger of balances of bitcoin-the-token.
The machine enables payments to be sent between users without passing via a central authority, such as a bank or payment gateway. It's made and held electronically. Bitcoins arent printed, like dollars or euros theyre produced by computers all around the planet, using free software.
It was the first example of what we call cryptocurrencies, a growing asset class that shares some features of traditional currencies, with verification based on cryptography.
A pseudonymous software programmer going by the name of Satoshi Nakamoto proposed bitcoin in 2008, as an electronic payment method based on mathematical evidence. The idea was to produce a means of exchange, independent of any central authority, which may be transferred electronically in a secure, verifiable and immutable manner.
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Bitcoin can be used to cover things electronically, if both parties are willing. In that sense, its similar to conventional dollars, euros, or yen, which can also be traded digitally.
Bitcoins most important characteristic is it is decentralized. No single institution controls the bitcoin network. It is maintained by a group of volunteer coders, and run by an open network of committed computers spread around the globe. This brings individuals and groups that are uncomfortable with all the control that banks or government institutions have over their money. .
Bitcoin solves the double spending problem of electronic currencies (in which electronic assets can easily be copied and re-used) via an ingenious combination of cryptography and economic incentives. In electronic fiat currencies, this function is fulfilled by banks, which gives them control over the traditional system. With bitcoin, the integrity of the transactions is maintained by a distributed and open network, owned by no-one. .
Fiat currencies (dollars, euros, yen, etc.) have an unlimited supply central banks can issue as many as they want, and can try to manipulate a currencys worth relative to other people. Holders of the currency (and notably citizens with very little alternative) bear the cost.
Even though senders of traditional electronic payments are usually identified (for verification purposes, and to comply with anti-money laundering and other legislation), users of bitcoin in theory function in semi-anonymity. Since there's absolutely no central validator, users do not need to identify themselves when sending bitcoin to another user. When a transaction request is filed, the protocol checks all previous transactions to confirm that the sender has the necessary bitcoin in addition to the authority to send them.
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In practice, each user is identified by the address of his or her pocket. Transactions can, with a little effort, be tracked this way. Also, law enforcement has developed methods to identify users if necessary.
Additionally, most exchanges are required by legislation to perform identity checks on their clients before they're allowed to buy or sell bitcoin, facilitating another way that bitcoin utilization can be monitored. Since the network is transparent, the progress of a specific transaction is visible to all.
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This is because there's no central adjudicator that can say okay, return the money. If a transaction is listed on the network, and if greater than an hour has passed, then it is not possible to modify.
While this may disquiet a few, it does mean that any transaction on the bitcoin network cannot be tampered with.
The smallest unit of a bitcoin is called a satoshi. It's one hundred millionth of a bitcoin (0.00000001) at todays prices, roughly one hundredth of a cent. This could conceivably enable microtransactions that traditional electronic money cannot.
Read to find out how bitcoin transactions are processed and the way bitcoins are mined, what it can be used for, as well as how you can purchase, sell and save your bitcoin. We also explain a few alternatives to bitcoin, in addition to how its underlying technology the blockchain functions. .
If you want to read this article know what is Bitcoin, how you can get it and how it can assist you, without floundering into technical details, this guide is for you. It will explain how the system operates, how you can use it for your profit, which scams to avoid. It is going to also direct you to resources which will help you store and use your very first parts of digital currency.